Load Balance using PCC method in mikrotik load balancing is to share Internet access via two or more internet connections are balanced (balance), do not have to wait a full connection and then just move to the next connection. How to make bootable linux USB with linux live usb. How to save video youtube April (11) Watermark theme. I'm trying to install routerOS(Mikrotik) from bootable USB drive on my PC. Generally booting iso from usb is easy, i did this several times with other 'OS' (if you. Advanced Mac users can make a bootable macOS Catalina beta installer drive using a USB flash drive. This offers a simple way to install the macOS 10.15 beta release onto a test Mac, either on a separate drive or partition.
How To Bootable Usb Drive
Forget regular windows and Linux installation using CD/DVD media using Best Free USB Bootable Software for Windows and Mac PC. 8 Best Free USB Bootable Software for WindowsWe are moving very fast from the physical world to the virtual worlds. The big example is replacing bulky server and storage into cloud server and storage. Initially, physical media (CD/DVD) used to install windows on a computer. It is true physical media need to take care to avoid damage and scratched. Now we are using a USB drive to the installation of windows, Mac and Linux operating system. Using bootable USB to load windows or any other operating system very convenient and fast process instead of CD/DVD bootable process.
To making a Windows 8.1 Bootable DVD also required the DVD writer which also not in use since flash memory comes with increasing capacity and decreasing price. You should also know about, Mac and SmartphoneTo create windows 10 bootable USB from iso image there is the number of free bootable maker software available. However, making a bootable pen drive bit simple using USB bootable tools. This post gives you best free USB bootable software for Windows, Mac, and Linux platforms.List of Best USB bootable Software for Windows 10These are the best tools to make pen drive bootable for Windows, iOS, and Linux.
You can try any software to create bootable USB from iso image for Mac OSX and Window XP and newer. 1: RufusRufus one of the best and lightweight USB bootable maker tools for Windows 7 and later versions. It supports 32bit and 64bit both for Windows bootable.
The best thing is it is supported many popular worldwide languages so you can enjoy it in own way. Rufus helps you to create bootable USB drives with an easy way for any operating system Mac, Linux, and Windows. If you still using CD/DVD media to install your operating system then you may just switch the smarter way with install windows from the USB drive. Rufus support bootable disk using ISO image, DD image, and free dos as well.now to make USB drive a bootable media. 2: Universal USB installerYet another best way to turn your pen drive into windows bootable pen drive. Windows 10 most popular operating system today so you should keep windows 10 bootable USB tool always.
Universal USB tools also simple tools to make bootable windows USB drive. We can use a single pen drive for multiple windows using USB bootable tools. Just make your laptop dual boot with Windows and Linux bootable USB drive. USB bootable tools for Windows 10 and older.
3: RMPrepUSBAnother super usb bootable tools is RMprepUSB for windows. It is also free tools to make your pen drive windows, Linux, or Mac OS bootable with all latest file system and format supports. Using latest laptop need UEFI boot process windows 10 to install windows using a usb drive. Make your pen drive multi boot to installation faster than regular DVD installation process.
This tools having many other feature so only use this software if you understand what to select for create a bootable media. Do not use if you are not sure which option should use to avoid the wrong process? 4: WinSetUpFromUSBIf you like multi booting in your PC than Winsetupfromusb another option to convert your pen drive into windows and Linux bootable media. It is USB bootable tools with the simple separate option with different windows and Linux which do not confuse to choose the right option. Just select pen drive and choose to Add to usb disk option to related Window version option and Linux option and upload ISO image. Start the process and with a few minutes, your flash drive will turn into the bootable drive. Not to start bootable usb from ISO image.
5: YumiYumi full form is Your Universal Multiboot Installer). It is similar to a universal USB installer and looks the same.
Yumi special design for Linux boot with preload option with all Linux distributions. This USB bootable software also made by the same person who designs universal USB installer.
Make My Usb Drive Bootable
It is simple and clear tools to make pen drive multi-booting for Windows and Linux OS. You can easily create your usb stick for multi-booting option but need the higher capacity USB drive. For windows.Related Post.
Said by:on the routerboards, they use a NAND type memory, as do modern USB and CF cards. MTBF is, therefore, going to be approximately the same for all 3 types.
How To Make Mikrotik Bootable On Usb File
IIRC, the expectation is around 100k write cycles.I wanted to clarify that exact same model '100K write cycle' flash device can become totally unwritable after just a few days if OS does not implement 'wear leveling' algorithm. Even with 'wear leveling'. The implementation varies between OS/filesystems and users write different amount of data per day.Days until drive becomes 'unwritable' = (datasheet write cycles) x (file system overhead) x (total bytes in drive) / (average bytes written per day) Moral: don't go crazy writing traffic logs onto a flash drive!Butch, could you kindly check what kind of 'wear leveling' algorithm is supported in new versions of Mikrotik RouterOS? Also what is their 'file system overhead ' it will be a fraction like 0.7 for a DOS/FAT system.
For USB Flash drives, Toshiba calculated that a 10,000 write cycle endurancewould enable customers to completely write and erase the entire contents onceper day for 27 years, well beyond the life of the hardware.You can see that Toshiba simply calculated (10,000 erase cycles / 365 days = 27 years ) which implies re-writing 1GB/day to a 1GB drive. This is OK for digital cameras and USB mass storage.But imagine an embedded system is updating temp files and log files many times per second effectively re-writing 1TB/day to a 1GB drive. That will make a 10,000 cycle device un-writable after less than 10 days using the proper formula.
Which BTW applies to all flash drives out there. Said by:Butch, could you kindly check what kind of 'wear leveling' algorithm is supported in new versions of Mikrotik RouterOS? Also what is their 'file system overhead ' it will be a fraction like 0.7 for a DOS/FAT system.As sibisties said, this is in the firmware for the flash card/chip. I agree with your assessment mathematically, but in practice, it doesn't seem to work that way. That 100k write cycles may be old news, too. I am remembering from a long time ago and just went to check my main information source (google) and that number still exists. As I said, though, in practice, I have not seen an issue with write cycles.
Said by:I agree with your assessment mathematically, but in practice, it doesn't seem to work that way.I agree that datasheet cycles are improving and quality device makers tend to be pessimistic, but the expected lifetime still follows that equation.We can simplify using 1.0 (zero overhead) for RouterOS filesystem. So Expected lifetime = Datasheet cycles x Flash Size / Average Writes per DayYou could prove the equation in less than a month by setting up an extreme MT configuration which echoes/logs everything imaginable to create 32GB writes per day to a 32MB CF card.
Said by:I agree with your assessment mathematically, but in practice, it doesn't seem to work that way.I agree that datasheet cycles are improving and quality device makers tend to be pessimistic, but the expected lifetime still follows that equation.We can simplify using 1.0 (zero overhead) for RouterOS filesystem. So Expected lifetime = Datasheet cycles x Flash Size / Average Writes per DayYou could prove the equation in less than a month by setting up an extreme MT configuration which echoes/logs everything imaginable to create 32GB writes per day to a 32MB CF card.Of course that's why most decent network engineers would employ a syslog server making this a moot point. Said by:Ours shows the followingRe-writes since last reboot 1,086,926Lifetime re-writes 53,355,138You are confusing writes with re-writes.write-sect-since-reboot: 1,086,926write-sect-total: 53,355,138The only way to re-write is to erase a whole block size varies from 64KB to 512KB and reprogram every bit to 1. Within each formatted/erased block, there are many individual pages size varies from 1K to 16K which are written by flipping 1 to 0.It is not possible to flip a 0 back to 1 without erasing whole block again. So the flash controller marks the current page as garbage and copies updated content to a new (previously erased) page location.If you write a script to write the current time every second, a whole new page will be written every second.After number of seconds equal to total free pages has passed, all pages are 'garbage'. So controller will erase a whole block which had the least number of previous erasures.Each block can be erased maximum of 10,000 times in current generation (50nm) MLC flash chips used inside high capacity CF/SD/USB modules we purchase today.I talked to my semiconductor colleagues and upcoming 35nm MLC chips (even higher capacity) have even lower erase cycles in the 3000-5000 range. So life expectancy is getting worse, not better as we expect.